Go - Data types

👉 Go is one of the most popular programming language, here we would be looking into Datatypes in detail.

Data Type

What is Data Type?

• A data type is a classification made on the kind of data.

• They categorize a set of related values.

• Describe the operation done on them.

• For example:-

  1. String

     Which is sequence of character and used to represent text

  2. Number

     Consist of integers(without decimal like -12 0) and floats(contains decimals such as 7.0 or 85.56.)

  3. Boolean

     Value True or False.

  4. Array

     An array is like a list or a sequence of elements of a single data type(array of just integer strings or floats)

  5. Slices

     Represent flexible array-like data type but they also provide more control over memory allocation.

Why are data types needed?

1. categorize a set of related values

2. describe the operations that can be done on them

3. define the way the data is stored in the memory allocation Integer 4bytes 32-bit machine,8-bytes 64-bit machine

Static vs Dynamic typed languages

Static typed

• Compiler throws an error when types are used incorrectly. Eg:- C++, Java

• main.cpp

•     void add (int a, int b) {
      count<<a+b
      }<br>
  
      add(1,2)->3
      add(1,"two")->ERROR
  

Dynamic typed

• Compiler does not enforce the type system Ex. Python, JavaScript

• Such languages are called weakly typed, loosely typed or dynamic typed.

• main.js

•     function add (a,b)
      return a+b;
      }
      add(1,2)->3
      add(1,"two")->1two
  

Static typed advantages

1. Better Performances

2. Bugs can often be caught by a compiler

3. Better data integrity

Dynamic Typed advantages

1. Faster to write code.

2. Generally, less rigid.

3. Shorter learning curve.

Golang

1. Go has a concept of types that is either explicitly declared by a programmer or is inferred by the compiler.

2. It's fast, statically typed, compiled language that feels like a dynamically typed, interpreted language.

3. Example:- main.go

4.   package main
     import ("fmt")
     func main() {
     name:="Shounak"
     fmt.Println(name)
     }
     >>>go run main.go
     Shounak
   

Kinds of Data Types

Numbers

Integers

int-->200,-900,-90,100000,453

unit means "unsigned integer"
int means "signed integer"

Float

String

Any sequence of character which occupies 16 bytes of memory

Boolean

True and False Occupies 1 byte of memory

That's great if you have make till here you have covered basic of Golang Data types

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